Morphological terminology follows Bonato et al. In addition to the type material of the new species we have morphologically studied material of C. Material is shared between the ISER – Emil Racoviță Institute of Speleology, Bucharest, Romania IZB – University of Belgrade – Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia NHMW – Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria NMNHS – National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, Bulgaria and the ZMUT – University of Turku – Zoological Museum, Finland. Images were edited in Photoshop CS6 and assembled in InDesign CS6.
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Microphotographs were obtained with a Nikon DS-Ri-2 camera mounted on a Nikon SMZ25 stereomicroscope using NIS-Elements Microscope Imaging Software with an Extended Depth of Focus (EDF) patch. Hillebrand and preserved in 70% or 96% ethanol. Material and methodsĪll Cryptops specimens from Movile Cave were hand-collected by the biospeleologists Serban Sarbu and A.
Additionally, we provide an annotated list and a key to the troglobitic Cryptops species in the world. Morphological and molecular analyses confirmed that the cave specimens from Movile correspond to a new species, Cryptops speleorex sp. A phylogenetic analysis of 29 Cryptops specimens from different parts of Europe, including two from inside Movile Cave, based on two mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I COI and 16S rDNA) and one nuclear (28S rDNA) markers was performed. anomalans living on the surface, outside the cave.
Using both, morphological and molecular evidence, the cave specimens were compared with those of C. Recently, we had the occasion to study freshly collected specimens of an undetermined species of the genus Cryptops Leach, 1814 from Movile Cave. It is worth mentioning that the latter taxon has been only studied morphologically ( Negrea 1993, 2004). ( Symphyla), Geophilus alpinus Meinert, 1870 and Clinopodes carinthiacus (Latzel, 1880) ( Geophilomorpha) and a troglobitic population of Cryptops anomalans Newport, 1844 ( Negrea 1993 Sarbu et al. Archiboreoiulus serbansarbui Giurginca, Vănoaica, Šustr, & Tajovský, 2020 ( Diplopoda), Symphylella Silvestri, 1902 sp. 2019).įive species of myriapods are hitherto discovered from the innermost parts of Movile viz.
Among these species, some present a number of unique adaptations to a troglobitic life in caves, such as the troglobiont water scorpion Nepa anophthalma Decu, Gruia, Keffer & Sarbu, 1994 ( Hexapoda, Hemiptera, Nepidae) the nesticid and liocranid spiders Kryptonesticus georgescuae Nae, Serban & Weiss, 2018 ( Araneae: Nesticidae) and Agraecina cristiani (Georgescu, 1989) ( Araneae, Liocranidae) the cave leech Haemopis caeca Manoleli, Klemm & Sarbu, 1998 ( Annelida, Hirudinea, Haemopidae) and the isopod Armadillidium tabacarui Gruia, Iavorschi & Sarbu, 1994 ( Crustacea, Isopoda, Armadillidiidae) ( Sarbu et al.
The cave hosts 51 invertebrate species, of which 34 species are endemic ( Sarbu et al. 2019).ĭespite its harsh living conditions, Movile Cave ecosystem is known to harbor a diverse and unique fauna. The cave was first discovered in 1986 and since then, only a handful of people have visited it ( Sarbu et al. Relative humidity in the cave is 100% and there is no detectable air movement. This subterranean ecosystem is also notable for being rich in hydrogen sulfide, methane (1–2%), ammonia and CO 2 (1.5–3.5%) whereas it is poor in O 2 (7–16%). Being completely isolated from the outside environment for 5.5 million years, the cave is remarkable for its unique ecosystem entirely dependent on methane- and sulfur-oxidising bacteria, which release nutrients through chemosynthesis for fungi and other cave animals along the food chain. Located in the southeastern part of Romania not far from the Black Sea Coast, Movile Cave is the first known subterranean chemosynthesis-based ecosystem ( Sarbu et al.
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